This chapter focuses on the health and mental health impact on the refugee experience from the book Violence and Mental Health. The centerpiece of this model is the appreciation of the traumatic life history of refugees and their communities including past, present and threatening future traumatic life events. The five elements of the H 5 Model are (1) Human Rights; (2) Humiliation; (3) Healing (self-care); (4) Health Promotion; (5) Habitat and Housing.
