In its efforts to control immigration, the U.S. government has sharpened the teeth of an already tough 1996 law that made it much easier for the government to deport non-U.S. citizens. That law, and the modifications to it since September 11, are the subject of this meticulously researched report. The cases presented here should be read carefully by anyone with a serious interest in immigration and civil rights in the United States. They are compelling and worrisome. Keeping the United States safe and guarding against those who would do it harm is a sacred trust of our government. But an equally noble responsibility is civil society’s duty to monitor the government’s performance, and to demand that it keep its commitment to fairness and justice for all.