The entire March 2009 volume of Teacher???s College Record is on educating immigrant youth. Unlike most of the previous research on this topic, this volume focuses on the governance system of schools (federal, state, and local), which create varied policy contexts for immigrant students across the U.S. Since the U.S. system is made up of localized school districts with unique practices, this volume addresses this ???highly varied topography??? for the schooling of immigrants and the impact of various policies on educational outcomes. This is the introductory article to the volume.