On January 23, 2001, President Bush sent his No Child Left Behind (NCLB) plan for comprehensive education reform to Congress. At that time, he asked members of Congress to engage in an active bipartisan debate on how we can use the federal role in education to close the achievement gap between disadvantaged and minority students and their peers. The result, the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, embodies the four principles of President George W. Bush’s education reform plan: stronger accountability for results, expanded flexibility and local control, expanded options for parents, and an emphasis on teaching methods that have been proven to work. This fact sheet by the U.S. Department of Education describes some of the major provisions of H.R. 1, the No Child Left Behind Act.